[VERB]
Meaningà Diminish the worth or value of (a quality or
achievement).
Synà Take away from ,Reduce ,lessen ,minimize , ,belittle
Exampleà "These little fights in no way detract from
her achievement"
2 LITERARY < LEE / T / R /REE >= साहित्यिक
[Adjective]
Meaningà Concerning the
writing, study, or content of literature, especially of the kind valued for quality of form.
Synà Poetic ,written work of
art ,dramatic ,published work of art
,printed work of art
Exampleà “The great literary works of the nineteenth century"
[Noun]
Meaningà A standard or point of reference against which things may be compared.
Synà Standard ,basics ,point
of reference ,criterion ,yardstick
Exampleà "The
settlement was used as a benchmark in all further negotiations"
.
[adjective]
Meaningà Made
necessary by particular circumstances or regulations.
Synà Required ,necessary
,prerequisite ,essential ,needed.
Exampleà "The application will not be processed until the requisite fee is
paid"
Antonymsà Optional, Unnecessary, Non-Essential
5 EQUIVALENCE <E/QEE/V/LEN/ S >= समानक
[Noun]
Meaning à The condition of being equal or equivalent in
value, worth, function, etc.
Synà Equality
,sameness ,identical ,uniformity ,compatibility ,
Exampleà "Knowledge of equivalence of units is
required"
6. HOSTILE < HOS /TIE / L >=शत्रुतापूर्ण
[Adjective]
Meaning à Showing
or feeling opposition or dislike; unfriendly.
Synà Aggressive ,antagonist
,confrontational ,belligerent ,bellicose
Exampleà "A hostile audience"
Antonymsà Friendly, mild
[adjective]
Meaningà Relating to the cinema.
Exampleà "A cinematic adaptation of a novel"
Synà Filmi ,pictorial
,picturesque , retentive in detail
Antonymà Unlike cinema
[Noun]
Meaning à A feeling that something bad will happen; fearful apprehension.
Synà Suspicion , dread ,fear ,uneasiness , ,anxiety
Antonymsà Calm
Exampleà "With
a sense of foreboding she read the note"
9. NARRATIVE <NARE/TIV >= कथा
[Noun]
Meaning A spoken or
written account of connected events; a story.
Synà Story ,tale ,account ,chronicle
history , description
Exampleà "A
chronological narrative of Ram’s life"
[verb]
Meaningà Frighten or overawe (someone), especially in order to make them do what
one wants.
Exampleà "The forts are designed to intimidate the nation’s population"
Synà Frighten ,terrify ,scare ,terrorize,threaten
Antonymà Assure
Chief
Ministers cannot cite law and order threats as an excuse to curb free expression
Given the violence and the threats, it
is perhaps not surprising that the producers of Padmavati have
decided to ‘voluntarily’ defer its release. But irrespective of how this
changed timetable plays out, the conduct of politicians over the past few days
has been cynical and deeply unmindful of the rule of law. In February 1989,
days after Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran had issued a fatwa against
him for his novel The Satanic Verses, Salman Rushdie published an
open letter to Rajiv Gandhi, then Prime Minister. He reminded the Prime
Minister that his book had already been banned in India in October 1988, under
the Customs Act, and that while issuing the curb on its import the Finance
Ministry clarified that the “ban did not detract from the
literary and artistic merit of Rushdie’s work”.
“Thanks for the good review,” wrote Rushdie, adding that it appeared “as if
your Government has become unable or unwilling to resist pressure from more or
less any extremist religious grouping”. It is worth recalling that letter, as
it provides a benchmark to map the race to the bottom in the
current row over Padmavati. Today, as a number of Chief Ministers
across north India rail against the film and threaten to disallow its screening
without requisite cuts, there is no longer even that
perfunctory clarification that their action has nothing to do with the artistic
merit of the film. And it is no longer the case that the governments are
unwilling to resist pressure from extremist groups such as the Karni Sena.
Chief Ministers now are actually rallying opinion against the film to whip up
caste and religious anxieties.
Yogi Adityanath of Uttar
Pradesh has forged an absurd equivalence
between “those giving death threats” and Sanjay Leela Bhansali, the film’s
director, for “hurting public sentiments”. Vijay Rupani in Gujarat has taken a
cue from Shivraj Singh Chouhan in Madhya Pradesh and called for a ban. This is
in complete disregard of the Supreme Court judgment in S. Rangarajan v. P. Jagjivan Ram that the state
cannot cite concerns about a “hostile
audience” in curbing freedom of expression. Vasundhara Raje of Rajasthan, in
fact, has argued that the “censor board” must go beyond just certifying a film,
and should be mindful of the possible results after its release. And Amarinder
Singh in Punjab has said he opposes a ban but “cinematic licence” cannot extend to twisting “historical facts”. The fact that these
open appeals against cinematic expression are going mostly unchallenged across
the political spectrum carries dark forebodings. The
issue here is no longer Padmavati, its artistic
merit or the factuality or otherwise of multiple retellings of the narrative. What is of real concern is the spectacle of state functionaries ignoring
their constitutional responsibility in upholding free expression, and placing
themselves alongside those out to intimidate, and
release sectarian furies.
Comments
Post a Comment