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16 Nov 2017-The Hindu Editorial -Vocabulary

Italian football has hit its lowest point in decades and needs a thorough overhaul

A month ago, when Holland failed to make it to the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia, there was none of the shocked despair that hangs over Italy’s non-qualification following its defeat to Sweden in the two-legged play-off. Football in the Netherlands is facing its worst crisis and its fans have perhaps become used to under-performance. Since 1982, the team has failed to make it to the quadrennial extravaganza on four different occasions. Dutch footballers were always expected to thrill but not necessarily to win. Even the legendary Johan Cruyff didn’t bag football’s most coveted prize. But Italy is different. The Azzurri have always found a way, regardless of the circumstances. Italy went into the 2006 World Cup with a match-fixing scandal raging back home; it ended up lifting the trophy. Another scandal erupted ahead of the 2012 European Championship, but Italy emerged a worthy runner-up to Spain. Four years later, Italy went in with arguably its weakest squad ever but still outwitted reigning champion Spain and lost to Germany in the quarter-finals only on penalties. This is what makes the four-time champion missing out on the World Cup, for the first time since 1958, astounding. It is true that the qualification process left very little margin for error, with only the group topper earning a direct entry. Clubbed alongside Spain, Italy was always expected to come second and be in the playoff. Once there, it was unlucky to draw Sweden, the toughest of opponents. But even so, its performances have been truly worrying.
Italian football has been stagnant for quite a while. In recent times the national team has even registered draws against novices such as Haiti and Luxembourg. There have been no credible replacements in sight for the likes of Andrea Pirlo, Francesco Totti, Alessandro Del Piero and Alessandro Nesta. Only manager Antonio Conte’s brilliance saved the country at the 2016 Euros. There is such a dearth of emerging talent that in the first leg against Sweden, seven of Italy’s starting 11 were older than 30. Supporters even sought comfort in the team’s unblemished record at the iconic San Siro stadium in Milan, causing Pirlo to remark, “I’ve never seen a goal scored from the stands.” There is much to be blamed on current manager Giampiero Ventura. He repeatedly ignored players who were adept and schooled in modern-day tactical methods. Midfielder Jorginho, who has been excellent for Napoli, was only handed his debut against Sweden while forward Lorenzo Insigne, the most creative of the lot, was an unused substitute because the formation that Ventura used didn’t suit his best player. But history suggests Italy isn’t alone. Both Germany and France underwent similar turbulence before emerging stronger with a complete overhaul of their footballing structures. What Italy needs is similar soul-searching.
1. OVERHAUL < OVER /HAW /LL > ::  पूरी जांच और मरम्मत
 [Noun]
Meaningà              A  thorough examination of machinery or a system, with repairs or changes made if necessary.
 Synà                       Complete change, complete change after examination, make over,  catch  up with ,restoration
Exampleà              "A  major overhaul of environmental policies"
Antonymsà           Stick
 2. QUADRENNIAL <KWA/DREE/NEE/AL > :: चार साल का

 [Noun]
Meaningà              Recurring=(taking place) every four years.
Synà                        Fixed period(4year/), jubilee,  ,septennial, , anniversary,  ,bicentennial,
Antonymà             Regular
Exampleà                  "The quadrennial world championships" 

3. EXTRAVAGANZA <X /TRA /V /GAE/ N /ZAA > ::  कल्पात्मक नाटक
 [Noun]
Meaningà              An elaborate and spectacular entertainment or production.

 Synà                       Spectacular ,spectacle ,pageant ,exhibition  ,display,show
Antonymsà            Hiding ,reality
Exampleà             "An extravaganza of the event".


4. OUTWITTED < OUT /WEE /TED > :: चतुरता में मात देना
 [Verb]=past tense of outwit
 Meaningà                   deceive by greater ingenuityà.[ the quality of being clever,]
Synà                        Outsmart ,out-think ,outmanoeuvre ,be clever than ,trick          
Exampleà              "Ray had outwitted many an opponent"
           
Antonymsà              Be honest    

5. CLUBBED < K /L/ B/D > :: संयोजित (मिल के)

 [Verb]past tenseclubbed
Meaning à combine with others so as to collect a sum of money for a particular purpose.[Here grouped together]
Syn à                       Join forces ,  make a joint contribution ,pool resources
 Antonymsà          Separate
Exampleà                              "friends and colleagues clubbed together to buy him a present" 

                 
6. STAGNANT < STAE /G /NENT > :: गतिहीन

 [Adjective]
Meaning à                  Showing no activity; dull and sluggish.

Synà                                 Inactive ,static ,dull ,lethargic,sluggish, ,dormant ,slow-moving
Exampleà                    "A  stagnant economy"
Antonymsà                                Active ,alert ,busy ,energetic ,lively


7. NOVICES < NO / VI /SES > :: नौसिखिया  अथवा रंगरूट

[Noun]= plural noun: novices
 Meaningà                         a person new to and inexperienced in a job or situation.
Exampleà              "he was a complete novice in foreign affairs"
Synà                                   Beginner ,learner ,inexperienced person ,newcomer ,neophyte
 Antonymà                        expert ,professional ,teacher


8. DEARTH < D/TH or DE/R/TH  > :: अकाल

[Noun]
Meaning à             A  scarcity or lack of something.
Synà                                    Lack .scarcity ,shortage ,inadequacy, insufficiency
Antonymsà            Abundance ,adequacy ,enough ,plenty

Exampleà                   "There is a dearth of evidence"


9. UNBLEMISHED <UN /BLAE /MISH /D > :: मुकम्मल

 [Adjective]

Meaning                     Not damaged or marked in any way.
 Synà                         Impeccable ,flawless, faultless ,perfect ,without fault , pure
Exampleà              "Her body was perfectly shaped, formed and unblemished"
Antonymà                           Damaged ,defective ,harmed ,blemished ,flawed

10. ADEPT<A /DEY/P/T > :: निपुण

 [Adjective]

Meaning                   Very skilled or proficient at something.
 Synà                       Expert ,proficient  ,skilful ,talented ,virtuoso 
Exampleà              She is adept at cutting through red tape"
Antonymà                          Incapable ,unskilled ,in competent ,inexperienced

11.[Here] TURBULENCE <TUR /BU /LEN /S > :: अशांति =
[Noun]
Meaningà              A state of conflict or confusion.
Exampleà              "Political turbulence"

Synà                                 Turmoil, instability, conflict, disorder, upheaval

Antonymà             Denotation

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